Енергийната политика на ЕС през погледа на теоретичния модел на фокусирания върху актьорите институционализъм

Abstract

The paper continues the discussion, started in another article, about finding a useful model for analyzing
complex policy interactions with focus on how does cooperation between policy actors emerges and how do we
study the process of its emergence and development. It uses EU energy policy as an example. The energy policy of
the EU was for a long time a chimera, mainly because member states have sovereign powers concerning decisions
about their energy mix. Furthermore, the community institutions were not developed with problem solving capacity in the area of energy policy. This led the EU countries to develop national solutions to the growing international problems of competition, security of energy supply and climate change. This article uses the theoretical lenses of the model of actor-centered institutionalism, developed by Renate Mayntz and Fritz Scharpf in their work from the 1970s to present day, in search for an explanation of the gradual change in EU energy policy in the last two decades.
In addition to an explanation of the complex interactions of political actors and their institutional, and broader,
policy environment, the model offers a methodology for analyzing policy outcomes and making recommendation for
institutional design facilitating mode effective and legitimate policymaking.