Каноните за човешките пропорции в изкуството - първи стъпки в антропометрията и основа на систематичното конструиране

Abstract

Anthropometry is a science which object is the measurement of the human figure, its shape and proportions. Traditional tools used in it are the measure tape, the anthropometer, the calliper etc. In 1988, for an anthropometric study, carried out on the US military staff, all the measurements of only one person required four hours to be taken. Nowadays, this takes less than a minute due to the contemporary science and 3D laser scanners.
How did the tailors in the past make garments without scanners, anthropometric studies or even without a tape measure with the well-known today centimetres or inches? What did they use as a basis? The answers of these questions are the aim of this study. It will examine the canons for human body proportions in the artists’ art in Ancient Egypt, The Antiquity and The Renaissance which set off the beginning of the systems for garment construction.