Българският език в израелски условия

Abstract

The subjects of the paper are carriers of Bulgarian language which brought into contact with the Hebrew language spoken in Israel. A main language condition of the state of Israel is briefly described - the resurrection of Hebrew as spoken, administration and science language. The biggest wave of Jewish immigration from Bulgaria (42 000) arrived in Israel at 1948-1954. The first generation was at least bilingual (Ladino or Yddish at home, and Bulgarian in public cervices). The second generation fits the category of semi-speakers because with few exceptions their parents did not teach them Bulgarian at all. Some examples of the idiolect of an individual of this second generation are given. For the third generation Bulgarian is almost lost. At the nineties 3200 new immigrants form Bulgaria went to Israel. The first generation from nineties usually speaks three languages - Bulgarian, Ladino and English, French or German. Because of their higher education and because of renewed cultural and economic ties with Bulgaria as parents they usually teach
their children in Bulgarian. Some information on "code-switching" and "code-mixing" in different generations is given.